Hambatan Etis, Kultural, dan Implementasi AI pada Masyarakat dalam Perawatan Kaki Diabetik: Scoping Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication of diabetes that contributes significantly to morbidity and healthcare burden worldwide. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promising potential in diabetic foot care, existing studies mainly focus on technical performance rather than implementation challenges. This study aimed to explore AI applications in diabetic foot care, including ethical barriers, cultural considerations, and nursing implications.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature searches were performed in Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2021-2026.

Results: Four major themes were identified: AI applications in diabetic foot care, AI implementation in healthcare services, ethical and cultural barriers, and nursing implications. The findings showed that AI supports early detection, monitoring, and clinical decision-making through image analysis, telehealth, mobile applications, and wearable technologies. Key challenges included data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, digital literacy gaps, and the risk of dehumanization in healthcare delivery.

Conclusion: AI can improve diabetic foot care, but successful implementation requires ethical governance, cultural adaptation, and active nursing involvement to ensure patient-centered and equitable care.

KEYWORDS

diabetic foot, artificial intelligence, digital health, ethics, cultural barrier