Hubungan Status Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (Bblr) Di RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) remains a serious public health issue associated with child morbidity and mortality. Globally, 15–20% of all births are categorized as LBW, with the highest prevalence occurring in developing countries. Maternal anemia is a major contributing factor to LBW. Maternal nutritional status, including chronic energy deficiency, anemia, and micronutrient deficiencies, is closely linked to the incidence of LBW. This study aims to analyze the relationship between anemia status in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW at Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Hospital.

Methods: This study employed a case-control design. The sample consisted of 60 neonates, with 30 in the LBW case group and 30 in the non-LBW control group, selected using fixed disease sampling from August 2024 to January 2025. Data on maternal anemia status and infant birth weight were extracted from medical records. A bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test to examine the relationship between maternal anemia and LBW.

Results: The prevalence of anemia among mothers was 70.0%. The proportion of anemic mothers was significantly higher in the LBW group (83.3%) compared to the non-LBW group (56.7%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between maternal anemia and the incidence of LBW (p-value = 0.024).

Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between anemia status in pregnant women and the incidence of Low Birth Weight at Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Hospital. Strengthening strategies for the prevention and management of anemia during pregnancy is crucial to reduce the incidence rate of LBW.

KEYWORDS

Anemia, Low Birth Weight, Pregnancy